Description
The melon-headed whale's head is a rounded cone giving the animal its common name. The body is more or less uniformly light grey except for a dark grey face – sometimes called the "mask". The flippers are long and pointed. The dorsal fin is tall with a pointed tip – reminiscent of its relative the killer whale. When viewed in profile, its head is not as rounded as the pygmy killer whale and this may aid identification.This whale is capable of very fast swimming, particularly when startled. In flight, it often makes short, low jumps clear of the sea surface, splashing lots of water. Melon-headed whales usually gather in large numbers (at least 100 and possibly as many as 1,000 on rare occasions) and sometimes strand together.
The melon-headed whale weighs 10–15 kg (22–33 lb) at birth and is 1 m (3.3 ft) long. An adult grows up to 3 m (9.8 ft) long and weighs over 200 kg (440 lb). The whales' lifespans are at least 20 years and probably more than 30 years for females.
Their primary diet is squid.
Hawaiian melon-headed whales spend much of their daytime at the surface resting.[1]
Behavior
Social
Melon-headed whales are very social animals that live in large groups with anywhere between 100 and 1,000 of them. They have been observed swimming close to each other and touching flippers. Within the large group, they usually swim in smaller groups of 10-14.Melon-headed whales are also known to associate with Fraser’s Dolphins (Reeves, 428). Groups of the melon-headed whales will mix with groups of Fraser’s Dolphins and socialize with them. The melon-headed whale will also associate with other animals such as, the Humpback whale and Pilot whale, but the Fraser’s Dolphin is the most common animal it associates with.
Resting at the surface
The melon-headed whale tend to rest near the surface of the water. They have been observed moving toward the sound of a boat and then riding the waves created from the boat. The melon-headed whales are not usually deterred by the sound of the boat.When resting near the surface, melon-headed whales will create large splashes when they break the water. Several of them will rise vertically out of the water to observe their surroundings and then splash back down, a technique known as spy hopping. At the surface, melon-headed whales will also swim quickly, almost breaking the surface of the water and creating crescents ahead of them.
Population and distribution
Wikinews has related news: 500 stranded melon-headed whales rescued in Philippine bay |
In Hawaii, group sizes are variable, ranging from a single animal to pods of 800, but typically they are found in relatively large groups (median = 287 individuals). The Hawaiian populations include a large, deepwater group that moves frequently among the islands, and a small, shallow-water population that stays near the island of Hawaiʻi. Melon-headed whales are closely related to false killer whales, short-finned pilot whales, and pygmy killer whales. Hawaiian melon-heads spend much of their daytime at the surface resting.[1]
Stranded
Size compared to an average human
Melon-headed whales were found stranded in South Carolina in 2008. In January, three stranded melon-headed whales were discovered. It was determined that they had died out at sea and the waves brought them onto the beach. Three more melon-headed whales were discovered after this at different times. Necropsies were done on the melon-headed whales and it was discovered that they all had similar infections as well as hemorrhaging and other problems. However, an actual cause of death was never determined.
Parasites
There are many marine mammals that have parasites such as Isocyamus delphinii. These parasites (also known as a whale louse) will burrow into a whale or dolphin especially if there is a wound. In 1999, a dead, stranded melon-headed whale was discovered and a necropsy was performed on it. They discovered bite marks from smaller sharks, and in those bite marks were the parasite Isocyamus delphinii. There were twelve of the parasites in total, which is a record for the number of those parasites found on a marine mammal.Conservation
The melon-headed whale is included in the Memorandum of Understanding Concerning the Conservation of the Manatee and Small Cetaceans of Western Africa and Macaronesia (Western African Aquatic Mammals MoU) and the Memorandum of Understanding for the Conservation of Cetaceans and Their Habitats in the Pacific Islands Region (Pacific Cetaceans MoU)Melon-headed whale range
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